Calories in 8 Oz 8020 Ground Beef
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special furnishings and makeup tricks that brought some of the world'south favorite film characters to life, The Magician of Oz (1939) had and so much going on behind the emerald drapery and the Technicolor gloss of an amazing fantasy world.
In honor of the 80th anniversary of the pic, follow the yellow brick slideshow to peek backside that curtain and learn more about the secrets and fun facts that make the dear movie a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Before the Film
Every bit a self-proclaimed lifelong fan of 50. Frank Baum'south Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to be considered for a part in the 1939 film adaptation. Hamilton chosen her agent to inquire which character the producers wanted her to play, and her amanuensis famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a single mother, fought MGM for an agreed upon corporeality of guaranteed work time. Iii days before filming began, the studio agreed to a five-calendar week deal. In the cease, Hamilton was on set for 3 months, but many of her scenes were cut for being too scary for audiences.
Dorothy'due south Original Expect Was More Movie Star Than Farm Girl
Certain, Dorothy Gale doesn't demand prosthetics or aluminum makeup, simply that doesn't hateful Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume department wringer. Although she was young at the time, the sixteen-twelvemonth-quondam Garland had to clothing a corset-like device so she looked more like a preadolescent child.
Director Richard Thorpe suggested Garland wear a blonde wig and loads of "babe-doll" makeup (as whatever preadolescent girl would…). Luckily, that vision of the character changed. Afterwards MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate director George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to exist herself. Smart move.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Swell Movie Magic
The Wizard of Oz employs a lot of great film tricks, and some of the most unique were used in the skywriting scene. In information technology, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies in a higher place the Emerald City, leaving the phrase "Give up Dorothy" in her wake in blackness fume.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special effects squad spread black ink across the bottom of a drinking glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in reverse and filmed the scene from beneath. Initially, the skywriting concluded with the ominous "Or Die — W Westward West."
The "Snow" in the Poppy Field Was Really Dangerous
One of the Wicked Witch's last-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy's quest to meet the Wonderful Wizard of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical sleep-inducing snow. While many like to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the issue of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more than blatant toxic connectedness than that.
All that magical snow? It's really 100% industrial-grade chrysotile asbestos. Fifty-fifty though the wellness risks associated with the material were known at the time, it was still Hollywood's preferred choice for faux snow. Our advice to Dorothy? Don't catch any snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow'due south Makeup Stuck Effectually for Awhile
In the end, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful in more ways than one for Buddy Ebsen (the original Tin Man's) willingness to trade parts with him. The Tin Human being's aluminum makeup caused a huge amount of problems for Ebsen, who was replaced past Jack Haley.
Although Bolger's makeup feel was better than Ebsen's, he however had some issues. The Scarecrow'south makeup consisted of a rubber prosthetic, complete with a woven pattern that mimicked the look of burlap. After the film wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger's face up that took more than a year to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Set
In a burst of flames and ruby-red fume, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, it may have instilled more than fear for Hamilton. On the first take, the fume rose from a hidden trapdoor too early.
For the second have, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor as planned, simply her cape snagged on the platform when the burn down flared upwards. Her copper-containing makeup heated up instantly, causing second- and third-degree burns on her easily and confront. To make matters worse, the crew tried to remedy her burns with (an fifty-fifty more painful) acetone solvent.
The Flying Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch'due south legion of flying monkeys — or Winged Monkeys equally they're called in the source fabric — have certainly been a source of terror for generations. Most as scary as the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — thanks to the magic of piano wires.
However, the aerial stunt went awry when several of the pianoforte wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few feet to the soundstage floor. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cutting down on human marionettes), filmmakers made miniature rubber monkeys to help populate the heaven.
"Over the Rainbow" Was Almost on the Cutting Room Floor
To no one'southward surprise, the American Film Institute ranked "Over the Rainbow" #i on a listing of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. But what may surprise y'all? The (arguably) most iconic song of Judy Garland'southward career was nearly cutting from the movie.
Studio execs at MGM thought the song fabricated the Kansas scenes besides long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't empathize the vocal'due south meaning. Luckily, this unfounded business concern melted similar lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland's tearful reprise of the song was left on the cutting room floor.
The Tin can Homo Costume Didn't Allow Jack Haley to Rest Easy
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep around in a ninety-pound lion costume, Jack Haley didn't have it easy either. From the lingering concerns nearly the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face and hands to the minimal flexibility of the "tin" trunk and arms, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was then stiff that he had to lean against a board to rest properly. Many years later, actor Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the aforementioned issue with his rigid costume. It seems even fantasy and sci-fi can't help folks escape all their problems.
The Original Tin Man Was Rushed to the Hospital
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was bandage as the Scarecrow, just traded parts with Ray Bolger. Withal, Ebsen's new graphic symbol, the Tin can Man, acquired him a globe of issues. Namely, the graphic symbol's silverish makeup independent a harmful aluminum grit that coated Ebsen'due south lungs.
To make matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to breathe, he was rushed to the hospital. MGM recast the role with Jack Haley (and changed up the makeup), but didn't explain why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't appear in the final film, his vocals tin can be heard in "Nosotros're Off to Come across the Wizard."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave U.s. the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is full of practical special furnishings that actually agree up. The funnel itself was actually a 35-human foot long stocking made of muslin. The special furnishings squad spun it around miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Confronting the painted backdrop, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale house, which falls from the sky and into Oz, is just a miniature house that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers then reversed the footage to arrive expect similar the house was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Up And so Either
Pay inequality has always been an event in Hollywood. For instance, Adriana Caselotti, voice of the titular graphic symbol in Walt Disney'southward Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), made $970 for her operation. The flick went on to make roughly $viii million.
According to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland's pay was amend than Caselotti's — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a week — but it nonetheless didn't reflect the moving-picture show's success. Even more than discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $l per week. (Meanwhile, Terry the domestic dog earned $125 per week as Toto. A real yikes.)
Bert Lahr's Panthera leo Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM thought information technology might cast its mascot — the actual king of beasts used in the studio's title card — equally the cowardly character. Fortunately, for the safety of the actors and the animal, the filmmakers decided to cast actor Bert Lahr as the anthropomorphic grapheme instead.
To make a disarming brute, the costume department fashioned Lahr a 90-pound outfit fabricated from real lion skin. Yet, the arc lights used on set fabricated things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his grapheme'south fretfulness. Each night, ii stagehands stale the costume for the adjacent day.
The Initial Box Office Returns Were Uneven
The film started shooting in October of 1938 but didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking up an unheard of $2,777,000 in costs. That'due south nigh $50 million adapted for inflation. Upon its initial release, the movie only earned $3 million at the box office — about $51.8 million by today'southward standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Depression-era film, call back that Disney made $viii meg with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). The Sorcerer of Oz's small-scale success in the U.S. barely covered production and movie rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — merely success overseas fortunately bolstered the moving-picture show's returns.
The Dark Side of Oz in a Time Before "Me Likewise"
Judy Garland was just 16 years onetime when she was cast every bit Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became addicted to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were ofttimes given to young actors to assist them sleep afterwards studios shot them upwardly with adrenaline so they could work long hours.
The spotlight — and her dissentious contract with MGM — didn't aid, leading to her lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a writer for Express, "[Garland] was molested by older men, including studio chiefs [and head Louis B. Mayer], who considered her petty more than their 'property.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy diet of cigarettes, java and craven soup.
The Voice of Snowfall White Had a Cameo
A few years before The Wizard of Oz debuted, Walt Disney'south feature-length animated film Snowfall White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) became a smash-hit. Not but did the film revolutionize the animation industry, it also reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow up Snow White — and then the most successful moving-picture show of all time — with an adaptation of The Sorcerer of Oz, but MGM endemic the rights. Past happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snow White, had an uncredited office in Oz. During the Tin Human being's "If I Only Had a Center," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore art thousand Romeo?"
The Carmine Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the book, Dorothy'due south iconic footwear was originally silver, but screenwriter Noel Langley felt the scarlet color would actually pop in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM's chief costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in about 2,300 sequins.
One of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Institution'southward National Museum of American History. Since the brandish is then heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the carpet at that place several times. Another pair were stolen from Minnesota'southward Judy Garland Museum in 2005, just the FBI recovered the slippers for the institution in 2018.
Only One Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Wizard of Oz is your classic run a risk story, and Dorothy'due south quest leads her from a Kansas farm to another globe — complete with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. Withal, despite all these scenic locations, nearly all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
As was customary at the time, immense, detailed backdrops were painted by studio artists, making it possible for filmmakers to transport audiences to far abroad places without filming on location. In fact, the but location footage in the picture is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the existent deal.
A Second Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is one of the most dear dogs in film history. Terry was famously not a huge fan of special effects and can oftentimes be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — similar when the Can Man spouts out all of that steam.
After one of the Witch's guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for ii weeks. Filmmakers went through two doubles to detect ane that resembled the original canine thespian more closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was so fond of Terry that she wanted to prefer the canis familiaris.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In addition to existence a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton besides believed her character was more than than just your run-of-the-factory evil villain. More 35 years later the moving-picture show debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch's costume to evidence kids it was make-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her about the character.
According to Hamilton, the and then-called Wicked Witch relished everything she did, but she was likewise a distressing, lonely figure. In short, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly enough, the Broadway musical Wicked also takes this approach to the Witch's character.
The "Horse of a Dissimilar Color" Was Made Possible Thanks to a Food Product
In 1939, audiences were just as amazed equally Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin Human and the Cowardly Panthera leo when the horse in Emerald City took on a rainbow of colors. This "horse of a different colour" was made possible thanks to a surprising food item…
Jell-O crystals were used to colour the horses, which meant filmmakers had to move chop-chop — the animals were eager to lick up the sweet treat. But the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The horse-drawn carriage was one time owned by President Abraham Lincoln and now resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Department Hired on Extra Hands
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald City to the Witch's flying monkeys, and so many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in order to give life to this fantasy film. To go along up with the daily demands, MGM called upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since most of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming assembly line. Most actors had to arrive earlier 5:00 in the morning time — six days a week! — to brainstorm the intensive process.
Memorable (& Oft Misquoted) Lines Make full the Film
The picture is clogged of iconic, memorable songs, and it has the neat fortune of beingness responsible for some of the nearly quoted lines in movie history as well. In 2007, Premiere compiled a list of "The 100 Greatest Movie Lines" and placed a whopping iii of the film'due south lines on the listing.
"Pay no attention to that homo backside the drapery" was voted #24, while "At that place'southward no place like home" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the frequently misquoted "Toto, I have a feeling we're non in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch'due south Burn Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Clearly, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the pic is incredible. Similar the "horse of a different color" sequence, some other iconic, special furnishings-heavy scene harnessed the power of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Shortly after Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the cherry slippers from the young girl's anxiety. However, burn strikes the Witch's hands, repelling her. This "fire" is actually apple juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-upwardly prune to make it await more flame-like.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Section
Experimenting with Technicolor was part fun and part trouble-solving for filmmakers. In social club to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor camera, the soundstage needed to exist lit with arc lights, which often heated the set to a toasty 100 degrees.
After the lights were ready, the experts experimented with what would wait best on moving picture, especially in colorized form. For example, the white part of Dorothy'southward dress is really pink — but considering it filmed better. And the oil the Tin Homo is so excited nearly? It'due south actually chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the East Makes More Than One Appearance
Part of the Wicked Witch of the West'southward beefiness with Dorothy is that the young girl dropped a business firm on her sister, the Wicked Witch of the East, who was the brusque-lived owner of the scarlet slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the West and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she also plays the Wicked Witch of the E — if simply briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an addled Dorothy looks out her bedroom window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch exterior the window is wearing the ruby slippers. The restored version of the motion picture makes that shimmer even more noticeable.
The Motion-picture show's Running Time Was Cutting Down Several Times
The start cut of the film clocked in at a running time of 120 minutes. Although that seems like aught by today'due south Marvel motion-picture show standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt it was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off 20 minutes.
Later cutting the famed "Jitterbug" number (top right) and an extended Scarecrow dance sequence, the film was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a second preview screening, and, later, nixed Dorothy'southward "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald Metropolis reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Dead," a scene where the Tin Homo becomes a human beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
So Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers deemed Margaret Hamilton's Wicked Witch of the West performance as well frightening for audiences and cutting or trimmed many of her scenes. But not anybody thought her functioning was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch'southward nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the picture show'southward starring foes were actually friends. One story that emerged from the set described Garland excitedly showing off a dress to Hamilton, declaring she was going to article of clothing it for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM'due south Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a press tour the day of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," as opposed to the more than apt "Color Sequences by Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes information technology seem every bit though the unabridged film was shot in color. Was this done deliberately, or was it a small-scale syntactical faux pas?
It's widely believed this was a bit of a stunt done to enhance the surprise of the film turning into full three-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters made at the time of the pic's debut fabricated no mention of sepia tint (or "black-and-white"), calculation credence to this theory.
One of History'south Most-Watched Films
Although The Wizard of Oz proved popular in theaters, some other pic released the same yr, also directed by Victor Fleming, actually topped the box office. (You may have heard of that little flick — it's chosen Gone with the Wind.) Still, MGM'south musical fantasy may have more staying ability than other films of the era, cheers in part to re-releases.
The film was beginning broadcast on tv set on Nov three, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 million viewers. Information technology'south believed that The Wizard of Oz is one of the 10 nigh-watched feature-length movies in film history, largely due to the number of annual boob tube screenings, theater viewings and various format re-releases.
Source: https://www.ask.com/tvmovies/wizard-of-oz-facts?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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